Editing Africa (section)

=== Climate ===

Africa has a wide range of climates. The equator crosses central Africa, creating tropical zones with high rainfall in forested regions. The Sahara in the north is the world's largest hot desert. The Namib and Kalahari dominate parts of southwestern and southern Africa. Mediterranean climates occur in parts of North Africa and the Cape region.

The Sahel forms a semi-arid belt south of the Sahara. It is highly sensitive to rainfall changes, drought, land use, and political instability. Savannas cover large parts of eastern, western, central, and southern Africa, supporting mixed systems of farming, herding, wildlife, and settlement.

Rainfall patterns vary by region. Some areas depend on monsoon systems, while others receive rainfall from coastal winds, equatorial convergence zones, or seasonal shifts. Droughts and floods are recurring hazards in many parts of the continent.