Editing Bosnia and Herzegovina (section)

== History ==
Illyrian communities inhabited the territory before Roman expansion during the final centuries BC. Most of the region became part of the Roman province of Dalmatia, while northern districts were administered through Pannonia. Roman roads and settlements connected the Adriatic coast with the Sava and Danube regions.

Slavic groups settled in the area during the sixth and seventh centuries. A Bosnian political territory developed during the medieval period and was ruled by bans before becoming a kingdom. Tvrtko I was crowned king in 1377. The medieval Bosnian state included much of present-day Bosnia and Herzegovina and held territory along parts of the Adriatic coast.

Ottoman forces conquered the Bosnian kingdom in 1463 and completed their occupation of Herzegovina during the following decades. Bosnia became an Ottoman province with Sarajevo as an administrative and commercial centre. Towns including Sarajevo, Mostar, Travnik and Banja Luka expanded through trade, crafts and government activity. Islamic, Orthodox, Catholic and Jewish communities established religious and cultural institutions across the province.

Austria-Hungary occupied Bosnia and Herzegovina in 1878 following the Congress of Berlin. The territory remained formally under Ottoman sovereignty until Austria-Hungary annexed it in 1908. The administration constructed roads, railways, schools and government buildings while reorganizing taxation and provincial institutions.

On 28 June 1914, Gavrilo Princip assassinated Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria and Sophie, Duchess of Hohenberg, in Sarajevo. The assassination led to the July Crisis. Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia on 28 July, beginning the main European conflict of the [[First World War]].<ref name="first-world-war"/>

After the dissolution of Austria-Hungary in 1918, Bosnia and Herzegovina became part of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes. The kingdom was renamed [[Yugoslavia]] in 1929. Its internal administrative divisions did not preserve Bosnia and Herzegovina as a single province during most of the interwar period.

Axis forces invaded Yugoslavia in April 1941. Bosnia and Herzegovina was placed within the Independent State of Croatia, while resistance movements operated throughout its mountains and rural districts. Partisan forces gained control of the territory before the end of the [[Second World War]].

Bosnia and Herzegovina became one of the six constituent republics of socialist Yugoslavia in 1945. Sarajevo developed as an industrial, administrative and cultural centre. New factories, roads, housing districts and educational institutions were constructed across the republic. Sarajevo hosted the Winter Olympic Games in February 1984.<ref name="yugoslavia-history"/>

Following the weakening of the Yugoslav federation, an independence referendum was held on 29 February and 1 March 1992. Independence was declared on 3 March. The [[Bosnian War]] began in April 1992 between Bosnian government forces, Bosnian Serb forces and Bosnian Croat forces. The war caused extensive destruction and displaced large parts of the population.

The Washington Agreement of 18 March 1994 ended the conflict between Bosniak and Bosnian Croat forces and established the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina. The Bosnian War ended through the Dayton Agreement, initialled on 21 November and signed on 14 December 1995. The agreement preserved Bosnia and Herzegovina as a single state consisting of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina and Republika Srpska.

The Brčko District was established in 1999 as a self-governing administrative district under the sovereignty of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Post-war reconstruction restored transport routes, housing, public services and industrial facilities throughout the country.