Editing Slovenia (section)

== History ==

The territory of present-day Slovenia was inhabited during prehistoric times and later formed part of the Roman political and transport system. Roman settlements developed along routes between northern Italy, the Adriatic, the eastern Alps, and the Danube basin. [[Emona]], located on the site of modern Ljubljana, served as a Roman town and regional transport centre.

Slavic groups settled in the eastern Alpine region during the sixth century. The principality of [[Carantania]] developed north of the present Slovenian territory during the seventh century. Its lands later came under Frankish authority and became part of the political structure of the [[Holy Roman Empire]].

Most Slovenian lands passed under [[Habsburg monarchy|Habsburg]] rule during the late medieval period. The territory was divided among the duchies of Carniola, Styria, Carinthia, and the Austrian Littoral. Ljubljana developed as the administrative centre of Carniola.

Between 1809 and 1813, parts of Slovenian territory were included in the French-controlled [[Illyrian Provinces]]. Austrian authority was restored after the defeat of [[Napoleon]]. During the nineteenth century, the use of the Slovene language expanded in education, publishing, literature, and political organisation.

The creation of [[Austria-Hungary]] in 1867 placed most Slovene-speaking territories in the Austrian half of the dual monarchy, while Prekmurje remained under Hungarian administration. Slovenian political movements sought greater language rights and administrative unity for Slovene-inhabited areas.

Austria-Hungary dissolved at the end of the [[First World War]]. On 29 October 1918, Slovene political representatives joined the [[State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs]]. This state united with the Kingdom of Serbia on 1 December 1918 to form the [[Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes]], which was renamed the Kingdom of Yugoslavia in 1929.

The post-war border settlement divided some Slovene-speaking areas between Yugoslavia, Italy, Austria, and Hungary. The western coastal region came under Italian rule, while a plebiscite held in southern Carinthia on 10 October 1920 left the main disputed area within Austria.

Yugoslavia was invaded by Axis forces on 6 April 1941 during the [[Second World War]]. Slovenian territory was divided between German, Italian, and Hungarian occupation administrations. The occupying authorities attempted to incorporate their assigned areas and restricted Slovenian political, educational, and cultural institutions.

Armed resistance developed under the [[Slovene Partisans]]. Fighting continued until May 1945, when Yugoslav forces restored control over most of the territory. Slovenia then became the Socialist Republic of Slovenia, one of the constituent republics of socialist Yugoslavia.

Industrialisation and urban growth increased after the war. Ljubljana expanded as the republic's administrative and educational centre, while Maribor, Celje, Kranj, and other towns developed larger industrial sectors. The coastal area around Koper became an important maritime and transport zone.

Political and economic disagreements within Yugoslavia increased during the 1980s. Slovenia introduced multiparty politics in 1990. An independence referendum was held on 23 December 1990, with a large majority voting for the establishment of an independent state.

The Slovenian parliament declared independence on 25 June 1991. Fighting between the Slovenian Territorial Defence and the [[Yugoslav People's Army]] began on 27 June. The conflict ended following the [[Brioni Agreement]] of 7 July 1991. Yugoslav military forces completed their withdrawal from Slovenia on 25 October 1991.

The current constitution was adopted on 23 December 1991. Slovenia subsequently established its own state administration, armed forces, diplomatic service, monetary system, and border authorities. The Slovenian tolar remained the national currency until it was replaced by the euro on 1 January 2007.<ref name="euro-slovenia"/>