Editing Africa (section)

=== Ecology and biodiversity ===

Africa contains many ecological zones and high levels of biodiversity. The Congo Basin is one of the world's largest tropical rainforest regions. East and Southern Africa contain savannas known for large mammals and seasonal migrations. Madagascar has many endemic species due to its long isolation.

Important habitats include tropical rainforest, mangroves, montane forests, savannas, deserts, wetlands, coral reefs, lakes, and river systems. The continent contains major conservation areas, national parks, and transboundary wildlife reserves.

Biodiversity is affected by habitat loss, poaching, illegal wildlife trade, climate change, mining, agriculture, urban growth, and conflict. Conservation efforts often involve governments, local communities, international organizations, and scientific institutions.