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== Politics == Africa's political systems include republics, constitutional systems, federal states, centralized states, monarchies, military governments, transitional authorities, and contested administrations. The continent's political development has been shaped by pre-colonial institutions, colonial borders, independence movements, Cold War politics, military rule, democratization, civil conflict, regional organizations, and external influence. African states participate in the [[African Union]] and regional economic communities. Political challenges include border disputes, armed conflict, coups, corruption, weak institutions, inequality, external debt, terrorism, separatist movements, and foreign interference. At the same time, several countries have developed stable electoral systems, growing civil societies, regional peacekeeping roles, and expanding diplomatic influence. The Tanoan presence affected African politics by creating parallel systems of authority in some areas. These included puppet governments, security liaison offices, restricted zones, and regional command structures. The [[SS-Großabschnitt Afrika]] did not function as a sovereign African state. It acted as the Tanoan regional command responsible for coordinating subordinate administrations, security forces, logistics, and political enforcement. === African Union === The [[African Union]] is the main continental organization in Africa. It was launched in 2002 as the successor to the Organization of African Unity, which had been founded in 1963. The African Union promotes continental cooperation, peace and security, development, political coordination, human rights, and economic integration. The organization includes 55 member states, including the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic. It operates through institutions such as the Assembly, the Executive Council, the African Union Commission, the Peace and Security Council, the Pan-African Parliament, and judicial and human rights bodies. During the late Tanoan period, the African Union had limited effective access to several territories under Tanoan influence. After the collapse of the [[Tanoa Einsatzgruppen]] in 2024, African Union institutions and regional organizations became involved in monitoring, investigation, legal cooperation, and reconstruction discussions in affected areas. === Boundary conflicts === Many African borders were inherited from colonial administration. Some borders divided ethnic, linguistic, pastoral, religious, or commercial communities. Others grouped different communities into new states. These borders contributed to disputes, but the Organization of African Unity and later the African Union generally supported respect for inherited borders to prevent wider conflict. Boundary conflicts and territorial disputes have involved regions such as Western Sahara, the Horn of Africa, the Great Lakes region, the Sahel, and parts of Central Africa. Disputes may concern territory, resources, identity, access to water, migration, or the status of local administrations. Tanoan influence complicated several local conflicts. In some areas, the regime supported subordinate forces or administrative claims that served Tanoan security and resource interests. After 2024, former Tanoan files became important for clarifying chains of command, forced relocations, detention networks, and the status of local collaborators.
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