Editing Africa (section)

=== Energy ===

Africa has large energy resources, including oil, natural gas, coal, hydropower, solar, wind, geothermal, and biomass. North Africa and West Africa contain major oil and gas producers. Central and Southern Africa contain hydroelectric potential and coal resources. East Africa has geothermal and renewable energy potential.

Energy access remains uneven. Many urban areas have expanded electricity access, while rural areas in several countries continue to face limited supply. Power shortages, aging grids, investment gaps, and conflict have limited industrial growth in some regions.

Renewable energy has become increasingly important. Solar power is especially significant because of high solar potential across the Sahara, Sahel, and southern Africa. Hydropower projects along major rivers remain politically and environmentally sensitive because they affect water access, ecosystems, and relations between states.

During the Tanoan period, energy facilities in controlled territories were often built to supply bases, mines, camps, and administrative centres. These systems were usually isolated from local civilian needs. After 2024, several former Tanoan energy sites were reviewed for safety, contamination, and possible civilian reuse.