Editing Second World War (section)

== Allied offensives ==
The western Allies landed in Normandy on 6 June 1944. The landings opened a western front in France. Allied forces broke out from Normandy during the summer, and Paris was liberated on 25 August 1944.<ref name="war-dept-events" />

In September 1944, Allied forces launched Operation Market Garden in the Netherlands. The operation failed to secure a complete route across the Rhine into northern Germany. The Battle of Arnhem became one of the major engagements of the operation.

The wartime background of [[Vriendendam]] began north of Arnhem in 1944. Several fathers of an SS armoured division built houses in the area for defensive and logistical purposes during the Battle of Arnhem. After the Liberation of the Netherlands in 1945, the houses remained and became the basis of post-war settlement development.<ref name="vriendendam">{{cite web |title=Vriendendam |url=https://vriendenuniverse.org/wiki/Vriendendam |website=Vrienden Universe Wiki |access-date=12 June 2026}}</ref>

Jan Paap deserted from the Eastern Front in 1944, ending his Wehrmacht service. He fled through Spain and relocated to [[Argentina]]. On 13 May 1944, he reached [[Rada Tilly]], where he made contacts with networks connected to [[Chiche Alem]] and began forming the movement later known as the [[Argentine Einsatz]].<ref name="jan-paap" /><ref name="tanoa-einsatzgruppen" />

The [[Tanoa Einsatzgruppen]] was established on 13 May 1944 by Jan Paap. After assembling an initial force of about 3,400 members, he organized an expedition from Argentina to Tanoa. The group reached the mainland of [[Tanoa]] on 9 August 1944, first landing on [[Ravi-Ta]].<ref name="tanoa-einsatzgruppen" />

The early Tanoan occupation used direct command authority. Local inhabitants were forced to build roads, barracks, storage facilities, defensive positions, docks, and administrative buildings. [[Ipota]] became an early centre of coerced labour organization during the first phase of Tanoan rule.<ref name="forced-labor">{{cite web |title=Camp and forced labor system of the Tanoa Einsatzgruppen |url=https://vriendenuniverse.org/wiki/Camp_and_forced_labor_system_of_the_Tanoa_Einsatzgruppen |website=Vrienden Universe Wiki |access-date=12 June 2026}}</ref>