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	== Relationship to the lower house ==		== Relationship to the lower house ==
	In bicameral systems, the upper house operates alongside the [[Lower ~~House~~]]. The balance of power between the two chambers depends on constitutional design:		In bicameral systems, the upper house operates alongside the [[Lower house]]. The balance of power between the two chambers depends on constitutional design:

	* Some systems grant equal legislative authority to both chambers.		* Some systems grant equal legislative authority to both chambers.
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	== See also ==		== See also ==
	* [[Lower ~~House~~]]		* [[Lower house]]

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{{Short description|One of the two chambers in a bicameral legislature}}

'''Upper house''' is a term used to describe one chamber of a bicameral legislature. In systems with two legislative chambers, the upper house typically functions as a reviewing, revising, or advisory body within the legislative process.

Its composition, powers, and method of selection vary depending on constitutional structure and national tradition.

== General characteristics ==
Common features associated with upper houses include:

* longer terms of office than the lower house
* indirect election, appointment, or mixed selection methods
* representation of regions, states, or other territorial units
* authority to review, amend, or delay legislation

In many systems, the upper house is designed to provide institutional stability and continuity.

== Relationship to the lower house ==
In bicameral systems, the upper house operates alongside the [[Lower House]]. The balance of power between the two chambers depends on constitutional design:

* Some systems grant equal legislative authority to both chambers.
* Others limit the upper house to advisory or delaying powers.
* In certain systems, the upper house cannot initiate or amend financial legislation.

Mechanisms for resolving disagreements between chambers may include joint sessions, mediation committees, or override procedures.

== Terminology ==
The name of the upper house varies by jurisdiction. Examples include:

* Senate
* House of Lords
* Federal Council
* Council of States

The designation “upper” refers to constitutional structure rather than physical position within a legislative building.

== Legislative role ==
An upper house may:

* review and revise proposed legislation
* represent regional or federal interests
* confirm executive or judicial appointments (in some systems)
* participate in constitutional amendment procedures

The scope of authority is defined by national constitutional frameworks.

== See also ==
* [[Lower House]]

Upper house - Revision history

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