Kingdom of the Two Sicilies: Difference between revisions

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'''Kingdom of the Two Sicilies''' (Italian: ''Regno delle Due Sicilie'') was a monarchy in southern [[Italy]] from 1816 to 1861. It was formed by the union of the [[Kingdom of Naples]] and the Kingdom of Sicily under the Bourbon monarchy. Its territory included the southern part of the Italian Peninsula and the island of Sicily.<ref name="britannica">[https://www.britannica.com/place/Kingdom-of-the-Two-Sicilies "Kingdom of the Two Sicilies"]. ''Encyclopaedia Britannica''. Retrieved 14 June 2026.</ref><ref name="treccani">[https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/regno-delle-due-sicilie/ "Sicilie, Regno delle Due"]. ''Treccani''. Retrieved 14 June 2026.</ref>
'''Kingdom of the Two Sicilies''' (Italian: ''Regno delle Due Sicilie'') was a monarchy in southern [[Italy]] from 1816 to 1861. It was formed by the union of the [[Kingdom of Naples]] and the Kingdom of Sicily under the Bourbon monarchy. Its territory included the southern part of the Italian Peninsula and the island of Sicily.


The kingdom succeeded the Kingdom of Naples in the mainland south and became part of the political setting for later Nostrini family records. Several nineteenth-century members of the Nostrini family, the early form of the [[Noord family]], were born, worked, or died in places that were part of the kingdom before Italian unification.
The kingdom succeeded the Kingdom of Naples in the mainland south and became part of the political setting for later Nostrini family records. Several nineteenth-century members of the Nostrini family, the early form of the [[Noord family]], were born, worked, or died in places that were part of the kingdom before Italian unification.


== History ==
== History ==
The name "Two Sicilies" came from the older division between the mainland kingdom centred on Naples and the island kingdom of Sicily. The two realms had separate histories after the medieval division that followed the Sicilian Vespers in 1282. The Bourbon monarchy held both crowns before they were formally joined in the nineteenth century.<ref name="britannica" />
The name "Two Sicilies" came from the older division between the mainland kingdom centred on Naples and the island kingdom of Sicily. The two realms had separate histories after the medieval division that followed the Sicilian Vespers in 1282. The Bourbon monarchy held both crowns before they were formally joined in the nineteenth century.


The unified kingdom was created in December 1816 after the end of the Napoleonic period and the restoration of Bourbon rule in southern Italy. Treccani describes the state as having been formed from the union of the kingdoms of Naples and Sicily, restoring Bourbon authority over southern Italy.<ref name="treccani" /><ref name="treccani-dict">[https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/due-sicilie-regno-delle_%28Dizionario-di-Storia%29/ "Due Sicilie, regno delle"]. ''Treccani, Dizionario di Storia''. Retrieved 14 June 2026.</ref>
The unified kingdom was created in December 1816 after the end of the Napoleonic period and the restoration of Bourbon rule in southern Italy. Treccani describes the state as having been formed from the union of the kingdoms of Naples and Sicily, restoring Bourbon authority over southern Italy.


The kingdom was governed from Naples after 1817. Its mainland provinces included Calabria, Campania, Apulia, Basilicata, Molise, and Abruzzo, while Sicily formed the island part of the state. [[Calabria Citra]] continued as a mainland province with [[Cosenza]] as its seat.<ref name="calabria-citra">[[Calabria Citra]], history section.</ref>
The kingdom was governed from Naples after 1817. Its mainland provinces included Calabria, Campania, Apulia, Basilicata, Molise, and Abruzzo, while Sicily formed the island part of the state. [[Calabria Citra]] continued as a mainland province with [[Cosenza]] as its seat.<ref name="calabria-citra">[[Calabria Citra]], history section.</ref>


Political unrest occurred during the reigns of Ferdinand I, Francis I, Ferdinand II, and Francis II. Revolts in 1820 and 1848 challenged Bourbon rule, and Sicily made a renewed attempt to secure autonomy in 1848. The kingdom ended during the Italian unification process after the campaign of Giuseppe Garibaldi and the collapse of Bourbon authority in 1860–1861.<ref name="britannica-naples">[https://www.britannica.com/place/Kingdom-of-Naples "Kingdom of Naples"]. ''Encyclopaedia Britannica''. Retrieved 14 June 2026.</ref><ref name="britannica" />
Political unrest occurred during the reigns of Ferdinand I, Francis I, Ferdinand II, and Francis II. Revolts in 1820 and 1848 challenged Bourbon rule, and Sicily made a renewed attempt to secure autonomy in 1848. The kingdom ended during the Italian unification process after the campaign of Giuseppe Garibaldi and the collapse of Bourbon authority in 1860–1861.


The fortress of Gaeta surrendered on 13 February 1861. The [[Kingdom of Italy]] was proclaimed on 17 March 1861, replacing the former southern kingdom within the new Italian state.<ref name="archontology">[https://www.archontology.org/nations/italy/kingdom_of_two_sicilies/01_polity.php "Kingdom of the Two Sicilies: Polity Style: 1816–1860"]. ''Archontology.org''. Retrieved 14 June 2026.</ref><ref name="kingdom-italy">[[Kingdom of Italy]], history section.</ref>
The fortress of Gaeta surrendered on 13 February 1861. The [[Kingdom of Italy]] was proclaimed on 17 March 1861, replacing the former southern kingdom within the new Italian state.<ref name="kingdom-italy">[[Kingdom of Italy]], history section.</ref>


== Nostrini family ==
== Nostrini family ==