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...a''' is a peninsula in [[Southern Europe]] that extends into the central [[Mediterranean Sea]]. It forms the central and southern part of mainland [[Italy]]. [[San ...n Sea]], while the Tyrrhenian and Ligurian seas lie to the west.<ref name="mediterranean-geography"/><ref name="adriatic-geography"/><ref name="ionian-geography"/> ...

{{Short description|Sea of the Mediterranean between Italy, Albania, and Greece}} ...nd the southern [[Balkans]] and contains the [[Ionian Islands]].<ref name="mediterranean-geography"/><ref name="southern-europe-geography"/> ...

...Karpathos]] and [[Rhodes]] continuing eastward towards Anatolia.<ref name="mediterranean-geography"/><ref name="greece-geography"/> ...egean part of the principal maritime passage between the Black Sea and the Mediterranean.<ref name="black-sea-geography"/> ...

...] to the west and northwest, the [[Bay of Biscay]] to the north, and the [[Mediterranean Sea]] to the east and southeast. The [[Pyrenees]] form its main land bounda ...ates Iberia from [[North Africa]] and connects the Atlantic Ocean with the Mediterranean Sea. ...

...[Ionian Sea]], and [[Aegean Sea]].<ref name="europe-geography"/><ref name="mediterranean-geography"/> Southern Europe forms the main European shore of the Mediterranean. Its peninsulas, islands, mountain systems, and coastal plains created sepa ...

...opens into the [[Ionian Sea]] through the [[Strait of Otranto]].<ref name="mediterranean-geography"/> == History == ...

The '''Mediterranean Sea''' is a large sea located between [[Europe]], [[Africa]], and [[Asia]]. ...nean Sea stretches from the Strait of Gibraltar in the west to the eastern Mediterranean near the [[Levant]] in the east. It is almost enclosed by land and is conne ...

...administration, trade, religion, and maritime transport.<ref name="turkey-history"/> ...y]], the Balkans, the lower Danube region, the Aegean, and several eastern Mediterranean societies. ...

'''Sicily''' (Italian: ''Sicilia'') is the largest island in the [[Mediterranean Sea]] and an autonomous region of southern [[Italy]]. The regional territor ...nd forms one of the main maritime passages between the western and eastern Mediterranean. ...

== History == ...nected to Tanoan-linked networks."</ref><ref name="mediterranean-port">''[[Mediterranean Sea]]'': "Italian ports such as [[Genoa]], [[Naples]], [[Palermo]], and [[T ...

...e northern coast of Sicily and connects the island with mainland Italy and Mediterranean shipping routes.<ref name="sicily-economy"/> The city has a Mediterranean climate. Summers are hot and dry, while most rainfall occurs from autumn th ...

...Routes across it connect the Black Sea region with the Aegean and eastern Mediterranean coasts.<ref name="asia-geography"/> ...and the plateau. The [[Taurus Mountains]] form a similar barrier above the Mediterranean coast. Passes through the range connect central Anatolia with Cilicia and t ...

...The [[Mediterranean Sea]] forms the southern maritime boundary.<ref name="mediterranean-geography"/> The [[Bosporus]] connects the Black Sea with the [[Sea of Marm ...d the interior. The [[Taurus Mountains]] form a southern barrier above the Mediterranean lowlands. Eastern Anatolia contains the country's highest terrain, includin ...

...tic Sea]] and [[Ionian Sea]] to the west, the [[Aegean Sea]] and eastern [[Mediterranean Sea]] to the south, and the [[Black Sea]] to the east. Its northern boundar ...istorical definitions. The Balkans connect central Europe with the eastern Mediterranean, the Black Sea region, and western Asia. ...

...nd includes a mainland area, many islands, and long coastlines along the [[Mediterranean Sea]], the [[Aegean Sea]], and the [[Ionian Sea]]. Its capital and largest ...rade, naval movement, and road transport between the Balkans and the wider Mediterranean region. ...

...lovenia]], [[San Marino]], and [[Vatican City]]. It is surrounded by the [[Mediterranean Sea]], including the [[Adriatic Sea]], [[Ionian Sea]], [[Tyrrhenian Sea]], Italy occupies a central position in the Mediterranean. The [[Alps]] form much of the northern boundary, while the [[Apennine Moun ...

...western Asia, and the Mediterranean coast of North Africa.<ref name="italy-history"/> ...rt area between the empire's provinces and cities.<ref name="mediterranean-history"/> ...

...st of the [[Iberian Peninsula]] and includes the Balearic Islands in the [[Mediterranean Sea]], the Canary Islands in the [[Atlantic Ocean]], and the autonomous cit ...la are located on the North African coast near the western entrance to the Mediterranean. ...

| sovereignty_type = History ...h Macedonia]], [[Serbia]], [[Slovenia]], and [[Kosovo]].<ref name="balkans-history"/> ...

...edge reaches the [[Adriatic Sea]].<ref name="southern-europe"/><ref name="mediterranean-coast"/> ...nd [[Piran]]. Koper contains the country's main commercial port.<ref name="mediterranean-coast"/> ...