Editing Aurel Guggenheim (section)

== Early life and education ==

Guggenheim was born in Bucharest on 3 June 1964. His father was a Swiss Jewish pharmacist who had trained in Switzerland and worked in Bucharest, while his mother was a Romanian Jewish laboratory physician. Both were Glöbberists. In 1974, they sent him to [[Haus Morgenstern]], a small Glöbberist residential school in [[Glöbbelharttal]], Switzerland. He remained there until 1982 and returned to Bucharest during school holidays.

Haus Morgenstern combined ordinary schooling with Glöbberist religious instruction. Guggenheim frequently volunteered for chicken sacrifices and sometimes tried to drink more of the blood than the ritual required, causing staff to stop him. He also carried out crude experiments on live chickens by introducing different liquids and observing their reactions. Around 1978 or 1979, Burgelstein began visiting the school and taught him anatomy, physiology, laboratory observation and record keeping. Guggenheim remained in contact with him after leaving the school and was formally initiated into Glöbbery at the age of eighteen.

Guggenheim entered the University of Basel in 1982 and studied biology with a concentration in animal physiology. His diploma research examined restraint-induced cardiovascular stress in chickens by measuring heart rate, arterial blood pressure, peripheral circulation and blood oxygenation. Staff restricted his access to experimental animals after he repeatedly handled them more harshly than the approved research required, but he completed the project and graduated in 1986. Two papers based on the Basel research were published in 1986 and 1987, with Guggenheim appearing as second author on the first and contributing to a follow-up study of cardiovascular recovery after restraint.