Editing Upper house

{{Short description|One of the two chambers in a bicameral legislature}}

'''Upper house''' is a term used to describe one chamber of a bicameral legislature. In systems with two legislative chambers, the upper house typically functions as a reviewing, revising, or advisory body within the legislative process.

Its composition, powers, and method of selection vary depending on constitutional structure and national tradition.

== General characteristics ==
Common features associated with upper houses include:

* longer terms of office than the lower house  
* indirect election, appointment, or mixed selection methods  
* representation of regions, states, or other territorial units  
* authority to review, amend, or delay legislation  

In many systems, the upper house is designed to provide institutional stability and continuity.

== Relationship to the lower house ==
In bicameral systems, the upper house operates alongside the [[Lower house]]. The balance of power between the two chambers depends on constitutional design:

* Some systems grant equal legislative authority to both chambers.
* Others limit the upper house to advisory or delaying powers.
* In certain systems, the upper house cannot initiate or amend financial legislation.

Mechanisms for resolving disagreements between chambers may include joint sessions, mediation committees, or override procedures.

== Terminology ==
The name of the upper house varies by jurisdiction. Examples include:

* Senate  
* House of Lords  
* Federal Council  
* Council of States  

The designation “upper” refers to constitutional structure rather than physical position within a legislative building.

== Legislative role ==
An upper house may:

* review and revise proposed legislation  
* represent regional or federal interests  
* confirm executive or judicial appointments (in some systems)  
* participate in constitutional amendment procedures  

The scope of authority is defined by national constitutional frameworks.

== See also ==
* [[Lower house]]